Traduction et analyse de mots par intelligence artificielle ChatGPT
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Qu'est-ce (qui) est data models - définition
![How data models deliver benefit<ref name="MW99">Matthew West and Julian Fowler (1999). [https://sites.google.com/site/drmatthewwest/publications/princ03.pdf Developing High Quality Data Models]. The European Process Industries STEP Technical Liaison Executive (EPISTLE).</ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/3-4 Data model roles.svg?width=200 "How data models deliver benefit<ref name=\"MW99\">Matthew West and Julian Fowler (1999). [https://sites.google.com/site/drmatthewwest/publications/princ03.pdf Developing High Quality Data Models]. The European Process Industries STEP Technical Liaison Executive (EPISTLE).</ref>")
![three level architecture]]. This shows that a data model can be an external model (or view), a conceptual model, or a physical model. This is not the only way to look at data models, but it is a useful way, particularly when comparing models.<ref name="MW99"/>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/4-2 ANSI-SPARC three level architecture.svg?width=200 "three level architecture]]. This shows that a data model can be an external model (or view), a conceptual model, or a physical model. This is not the only way to look at data models, but it is a useful way, particularly when comparing models.<ref name=\"MW99\"/>")
![EXPRESS G]] [[Information model]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/A 01 Audio compact disc collection.svg?width=200 "EXPRESS G]] [[Information model]]")
![A [[binary tree]], a simple type of branching linked data structure](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Binary tree.svg?width=200 "A [[binary tree]], a simple type of branching linked data structure")
![Data-Flow Diagram example<ref>John Azzolini (2000). [http://ses.gsfc.nasa.gov/ses_data_2000/000712_Azzolini.ppt Introduction to Systems Engineering Practices]. July 2000.</ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Data Flow Diagram Example.jpg?width=200 "Data-Flow Diagram example<ref>John Azzolini (2000). [http://ses.gsfc.nasa.gov/ses_data_2000/000712_Azzolini.ppt Introduction to Systems Engineering Practices]. July 2000.</ref>")
![[[Document Object Model]], a standard [[object model]] for representing [[HTML]] or [[XML]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/JKDOM.SVG?width=200 "[[Document Object Model]], a standard [[object model]] for representing [[HTML]] or [[XML]]")
![Example of the application of Object-Role Modeling in a "Schema for Geologic Surface", Stephen M. Richard (1999)<ref name="SMR99">Stephen M. Richard (1999). [http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/of99-386/richard.html Geologic Concept Modeling]. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-386.</ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Schema for Geologic Surface.svg?width=200 "Example of the application of Object-Role Modeling in a \"Schema for Geologic Surface\", Stephen M. Richard (1999)<ref name=\"SMR99\">Stephen M. Richard (1999). [http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1999/of99-386/richard.html Geologic Concept Modeling]. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-386.</ref>")
![Flat model]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/FigFileConvert000a.svg?width=200 "Flat model]]")
![[[Hierarchical model]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hierarchisches Datenbankmodell.svg?width=200 "[[Hierarchical model]]")
![[[Network model]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Network DB model.svg?width=200 "[[Network model]]")
![[[Relational model]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Relational model concepts.png?width=200 "[[Relational model]]")
![[[Star schema]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Star-schema.png?width=200 "[[Star schema]]")
![Groups relate to process of making a mapDavid R. Soller1 and Thomas M. Berg (2003). [http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-471/soller1/index.html The National Geologic Map Database Project: Overview and Progress] U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 03–471.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Groups relate to the process of making a map.jpg?width=200 "Groups relate to process of making a mapDavid R. Soller1 and Thomas M. Berg (2003). [http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/of03-471/soller1/index.html The National Geologic Map Database Project: Overview and Progress] U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 03–471.")
![[[Hash table]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/HASHTB08 en.svg?width=200 "[[Hash table]]")
![[[Linked list]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Singly linked list insert after.png?width=200 "[[Linked list]]")
![[[Stack (data structure)]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Data stack.svg?width=200 "[[Stack (data structure)]]")
Wikipédia
A data model is an abstract model that organizes elements of data and standardizes how they relate to one another and to the properties of real-world entities. For instance, a data model may specify that the data element representing a car be composed of a number of other elements which, in turn, represent the color and size of the car and define its owner.
The term data model can refer to two distinct but closely related concepts. Sometimes it refers to an abstract formalization of the objects and relationships found in a particular application domain: for example the customers, products, and orders found in a manufacturing organization. At other times it refers to the set of concepts used in defining such formalizations: for example concepts such as entities, attributes, relations, or tables. So the "data model" of a banking application may be defined using the entity–relationship "data model". This article uses the term in both senses.
A data model explicitly determines the structure of data. Data models are typically specified by a data specialist, data librarian, or a digital humanities scholar in a data modeling notation. These notations are often represented in graphical form.
A data model can sometimes be referred to as a data structure, especially in the context of programming languages. Data models are often complemented by function models, especially in the context of enterprise models.
